<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>On Jan 8, 2013, at 4:55 PM, David Crosthwait wrote:</div><div><br></div><div>> When I was at NBC, the CST took the EST feed live. The MST was delayed by KOA in Denver as a regional delay center IIRC. Burbank did the PST and sent 2" or 1" to Hawaii by plane for a one week/two week delay. The Hawaii-then-to-Alaska bicycle of tapes ended when a C band feed from NY went up around 1983 or so, then Hawaii and Alaska did their own zone delay.</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I offer:</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Until Network distribution went to satellite, NBC used AT&T Long Lines service, the so-called 'coaxial cable' (though most of it was actually microwave). NBC established a system called the 'Round Robin' (I'd love to find out where that term originated), in which AT&T was fed by the Network in New York and the circuit would travel through Cleveland, on to Chicago, then south through Atlanta, back along the East Coast through Washington and return to New York. All other affiliates would branch off from the Round Robin. As I understand it, NBC was the only one of the Big Three Networks to use this counter-clockwise path for its Round Robin. ABC and CBS used a clockwise path for theirs.</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>This big return feed provided the Network with assurance that the circuit was operating properly. BOC operators could see that the returning signal was the same as what they were sending out. It also allowed stations along the path to break in and send programming material BACK to New York whenever needed. This feature was most likely not used often during regular Network operation as it would interrupt regular programming from the break-in point on to the end of the loop. Once in 1976, when I worked at WIS in Columbia, SC, we experienced such a break-in on air and could do nothing about it except put up a 'trouble' slide. During an afternoon Network soap opera, someone in Atlanta at WSB broke the Round Robin and fed some material to New York for Nightly News. Frantic phone calls to New York and WSB got us nowhere. Apparently, the feed could not be stopped or switched any other way. We waited for what seemed like an eternity for it to end, but it must have been at least 20 minutes before regular Network programming was restored.</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>David also said:</div><div><br></div><div>> When the Ku system was installed by NBC, all time zone delay was eventually shifted back to New York.</div><div>> I stand to be corrected on any/all of the above.</div></div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I say:</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>No corrections needed, to my knowledge. The KU system was installed on the roof of another Rockefeller Center building, diagonally across 6th Ave from the GE Building, in 1986. Ironically, that building is now the News Corporation Building, where Fox News originates. The satellite equipment is still there in operation to this day:</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/dennisdegan/557909649/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/dennisdegan/557909649/</a>></div><br><div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Dennis Degan, Video Editor-Consultant-Knowledge Bank</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span> NBC Today Show, New York</div><br></div></div></span></div></span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"> </div><br></body></html>